| Common name (acid) |
Structure |
Source |
| Acetic |
2:0 |
Platelet activating factor |
| Acrylic |
2e-3:1 |
Nnc |
| Adipic |
6:0 di-acid |
Nnc |
| Adrenic |
7c10c13c16c-22:4 |
Adrenal lipids |
| Agonandoic (aka. ximenynic) |
9a,11t-18:2 |
Santalum acuminatum |
| Alchornoic |
cis-14,15-ep 11c-20:1 |
Alchornia cordifolia |
| Alepramic |
3-Cp 3:0 |
Flacourtiaceae seed oils |
| Aleprestic |
5-Cp 5:0 |
Flacourtiaceae seed oils |
| Alepric |
9-Cp 9:0 |
Flacourtiaceae seed oils |
| Aleprolic |
1-Cp 1:0 |
Flacourtiaceae seed oils |
| Aleprylic |
7-Cp 7:0 |
Flacourtiaceae seed oils |
| Aleuritic |
9,10,16-triOH 16:0 |
Shellac |
| Ambrettolic |
16-OH 7c-16:1 |
Musk mellon seed oil |
| Angelic |
2Me 2c-4:1 |
Angelica archangelica |
| Anteisoheptadecanoic |
14Me 16:0 |
Animal fats |
| Anteisononadecanoic |
16Me 18:0 |
Animal fats |
| Anteisopentadecanoic |
12Me 14:0 |
Animal fats |
| Anteisotridecanoic |
10Me 12:0 |
Animal fats |
| Arachidic |
20:0 |
Groundnut (peanut) oil |
| Arachidonic |
5c8c11c14c-20:4 |
Animal phospholipids |
| Argenonic |
6-OH, 6-Me, 9-oxo-28:0 |
Papaveraceae |
| Artemesic |
See Coriolic |
— |
| Asclepic |
11c-18:1 |
Asclepia oils |
| Ascorbic |
Vitamin C |
— |
| Auricolic |
14-OH 11c17c-20:2 |
Lesquerella auriculata |
| Avenoleic |
15(R)-OH 9c12c-18:2 |
|
| Axillarenic |
11,13-di OH, 9c-24:1 |
Euphorbiaeceae |
| Azelaic |
9:0 di-acid |
Nnc |
| Behenic |
22:0 |
Lophira alata |
| Behenolic |
13a-22:0 |
Nnc |
| Bishomopinolenic |
7c,11c,14c-20:3 |
|
| Bolekic |
9a11a13c-18:3 |
Isano oil |
| Bosseopentaenoic |
5c8c10t12t14c-20:5 |
Bossiella orbigniana |
| Brassidic |
13t-22:1 |
Trans form of erucic acid |
| Brassylic |
13:0 di-acid |
Nnc |
| Buiolic (jalapinolic) |
11-OH 16:0 |
|
| Butolic |
6-OH 14:0 |
Shellac |
| Butyric |
4:0 |
Milk fats |
| Calendic ( α ) |
8t10t12c-18:3 |
Calendula officinalis |
| Calendic ( β ) |
8t10t12t-18:3 |
Trans form of α-calendic acid |
| Capric |
10:0 |
Lauric oils |
| Caproic |
6:0 |
Milk fats |
| Caproleic |
9c-10:1 |
Milk fats |
| Caprylic |
8:0 |
Lauric oils |
| Carboceric |
27:0 |
— |
| Catalpic |
9t11t13c-18:3 |
Catalpa ovata |
| Cerebronic |
2-OH 24:0 |
Cerebrosides |
| Cerinic |
See Cerotic |
— |
| Ceromelissic |
33:0 (see psyllic) |
— |
| Ceroplastic |
35:0 |
Nnc |
| Cerotic |
26:0 |
Waxes |
| Cervonic |
DHA |
— |
| Cetelaidic |
11t-20:1 |
Hydrogenated fish oils |
| Cetoleic |
11c-22:1 |
Fish oils |
| Chaulmoogric |
13-Cp 13:0 |
Flacourtiaceae seed oils |
| Chrysobalanic |
4-oxo 9c11t13t15c-18:4 |
Chyrsobalanus icaco |
| Civetic |
8t-17:1 di-acid |
|
| CLA |
Conjugated 18:2 isomers |
Ruminant fats |
| Clupadonic |
7c10c13c16c19c-22:5 |
Fish oils |
| Colneleic |
9-oxa-8t10t12c-18:3 |
Enzymic oxidation of linoleic acid |
| Colnelenic |
9-oxa-8t10t12c15c-18:4 |
Enzymic oxidation of linolenic acid |
| Columbinic |
5t9c12c-18:3 |
Aquilegia vulgaris |
| Coniferonic |
5c,9c,12c,15c-18:4 |
Conifer |
| Convolvulinolic |
11-OH 14:0 |
Ipomea oils |
| Coriolic |
13-OH 9c11t-18:2 |
Xeranthemum annuum |
| Coronaric |
Cis-9,10-ep 12c-18:1 |
Chrysanthemum coronarium |
| Couepic |
See Licanic |
— |
| Couepinic (licanic?) |
4-keto 9c11c13c-18:3 |
— |
| Crepenynic |
9c12a-18:2 |
Crepis and Afzelia oils |
| Daturic |
See Margaric |
Animal fats |
| Dehydrocrepenyic |
9c12a14c-18:3 |
— |
| Demospongic |
C24-C34 5c9c-diene acids |
Sponges |
| Densipolic |
12(R)-OH 9c15c-18:2 |
Lesquerella densipila |
| DHA |
4c7c10c13c16c19c-22:6 |
Fish oils |
| *Dicramin |
9c12c15c6a-18:4 |
Dicramium scoparium |
| Dihomolinoleic |
11c14c-20:2 |
|
| Dihomolinolenic |
8c11c14c-20:3 |
Animal fats |
| Dihomo Mead's acid |
7c10c13c-22:3 |
|
| Dihomopinolenic |
7c11c14c-20:3 |
Pinacae family |
| Dihomotaxoleic |
7c11c-20:2 |
Taxus spp. |
| Dihydroxystearic |
9,10-diOH 18:0 |
— |
| *Dimorphecolic |
9-OH,10t,12t-18:2 |
Dimorphecolic pluvialis |
| DPA |
7c10c13c16c19c-22:5 |
Fish oils |
| Elaidic |
9t-18:1 |
Trans isomer of oleic acid |
| Elaidolinolenic |
See Linolenelaidic |
— |
| EPA |
5c8c11c14c17c-20:5 |
Fish oils |
| Eleostearic ( α ) |
9c11t13t-18:3 |
Tung oil |
| Eleostearic ( α ) |
9c11t13t-18:3 |
Momordica charantia ** |
| Eleostearic ( β ) |
9t11t13t-18:3 |
All-trans α-eleostearic acid |
| Enanthic |
7:0 |
Nnc |
| Ephedrenic |
5c,11c-18:2 |
Ephedra |
| Erucic |
13c-22:1 |
Cruciferae seed oils |
| Erythrogenic |
See Isanic |
— |
| Exocarpic |
9a11a13t-18:3 |
Isano oil |
| Gadelaidic |
9t-20:1 |
Trans form of gadoleic acid |
| Gadoleic |
9c-20:1 |
Fish oils |
| Gaidic |
2t-16:1 |
— |
| Geddic |
34:0 |
— |
| Gheddic |
34:0 |
— |
| GLA |
6c9c12c-18:3 |
Evening primrose, borage, etc |
| Glutaric |
5:0 di-acid |
Nnc |
| Gondoic |
11c-20:1 |
Fish oils |
| *Gondoleic |
9c-20:1 |
— |
| Gorlic |
13-Cp 6c-13:1 |
Flacourticeae oils |
| Helenynolic |
9-OH 10t12a-18:2 |
Helychrysum bracteatum |
| *Hiragonic |
7c10c13c-16:3 |
Fish oils |
| Hormelic |
15-Cp 15:0 |
Flacourticeae oils |
| Hydnocarpic |
11-Cp 11:0 |
Flacourticeae oils |
| *Hydrosorbic |
3e-16:1 di-acid |
— |
| Hydroxycerebronic |
2-hydroxycerebronic |
Sphingolipids |
| Hydroxynervonic |
2-hydroxynervonic |
Sphingolipids |
| Ipurolic |
3,11-diOH 14:0 |
Ipomoca oils |
| Isanic |
9a11a17e-18:3 |
Isano oil |
| Isanolic |
8-OH 9a11a17e-18:3 |
Isano oil |
| Isoarachidic |
18-Me 19:0 |
— |
| Isobutyric |
2-Me 3:0 |
— |
| Isocaproic |
4-Me 5:0 |
— |
| Isocerotic |
24-Me 25:0 |
— |
| Isoheptadecanoic |
15-Me-16:0 |
— |
| Isolauric |
10-Me-11:0 |
— |
| Isomargaric |
15-Me 16:0 |
— |
| Isomontanic |
26-Me-27:0 |
— |
| *Isomycomycin |
3c5c7a9a11a-13:5 |
— |
| Isomyristic |
12-Me 13:0 |
— |
| Isononadecanoic |
17-Me 18:0 |
— |
| Isopalmitic |
14-Me 15:0 |
— |
| Isopentadecanoic |
13-Me 14:0 |
— |
| Isoricinoleic |
9-OH,12c-18:1 |
Strophanthus |
| Isostearic |
16-Me-17:0 |
— |
| Isotridecanoic |
11-Me 12:0 |
— |
| *Isovaleric |
3-Me 4:0 |
Porpoise, dolphin |
| Jacaric |
8c10t12c-18:3 |
Jacaranda mimosifolia |
| Jalapinolic |
11-OH 16:0 |
Jalap resin |
| Japanic |
21:0 di-acid |
— |
| Jasmonic |
C12 cyclopentane acid |
Linoleic acid metabolite |
| Juniperic |
16-OH 16:0 |
Conifer waxes |
| Juniperinic |
16-OH 16:0 |
Conifer waxes |
| Juniperonic |
5c11c14c17c-20:4 |
Conifer waxes |
| Kamlolenic ( α ) |
18-OH 9c11t13t-18:3 |
Kamala oil |
| *Kamlolenic ( β ) |
18-OH 9t11t13t-18:3 |
Kamala oil |
| *Kerrolic |
4-OH-16:0 |
Shellac |
| Keteleeronic |
5c11c-20:2 |
Gymnosperm sp |
| Labellenic |
5,6-18:2 (R)-form |
Leonotis seed oil |
| Lacceric |
32:0 |
Stick lac wax |
| Lacceroic |
See lacceric |
Stick lac wax |
| Lactarinic |
6-oxo 18:0 |
Lactarius rufus |
| Lanoceric |
di-OH 30:0 |
— |
| Lamenallenic |
5,6,16t-18:3 |
Laminium purpureum |
| Lactobacillic |
11,12-Mt 18:0 |
Micro-organisms |
| Lauric |
12:0 |
Lauric oils |
| Lauroleic |
9c-12:1 |
— |
| Lesquerolic |
14-OH 11c-20:1 |
Lesquerella spp |
| Levulinic (aka levulic) |
4-oxo-5:0 |
|
| Licanic ( α ) |
4-oxo 9c11t13t-18:3 |
Licania rigida |
| Licanic ( β ) |
4-oxo 9t11t13t-18:3 |
Trans-form of α-licanic acid |
| Lignoceric |
24:0 |
Waxes |
| Linelaidic |
9t12t-18:2 |
All-trans form of linoleic acid |
| Linderic |
4c-12:1 |
Lindera obtusiloba |
| Linoleic |
9c12c-18:2 |
All seed oils |
| Linolenelaidic |
9t12t15t-18:3 |
All-trans form of linolenic acid |
| Linolenic |
9c12c15c-18:3 |
Linseed |
| Lumequic |
21c-30:1 |
Ximenia spp |
| Linusic |
9,10,12,13,15,16-OH 18:0 |
From linolenic acid |
| Malonic |
3:0 di-acid |
— |
| Malvalic |
8,9-Mt 8c-17:1 |
Cottonseed oil |
| Manaoic |
11-Cp 6c-11:0 |
Flacourtiaceae seed oils |
| Mangold's acid |
9t11t-18:2 |
— |
| Margaric |
17:0 |
Animal fats |
| Margarolic |
? 9c-17:1 |
|
| Mead's acid |
5c8c11c-20:3 |
Metabolite of oleic acid |
| Megatomic |
3t5c-14:2 |
Black carpet beetle pheromone |
| Melissic |
30:0 |
Bayberry |
| Mikusch's acid |
10t12t-18:2 |
— |
| Montanic |
28:0 |
Waxes (ie. carnuba) |
| Moroctic |
See stearidonic |
— |
| Morotic |
See stearidonic |
— |
| Mycoceranic |
2,4,6-triMe 26:0 |
Tubercle bacilli |
| Mycocerosic |
See mycoceranic |
— |
| Mycolic |
RCHOHCH(R')COOH |
Mycobacteria |
| Mycolipenic |
2,4,6-tri-Me-2t-24:1 |
Tuburele bacilli |
| Mycomycin |
3t5c7,8,10a12a-13:6 |
— |
| Myristelaidic |
9t-14:1 |
Trans form of myristoleic acid |
| Myristic |
14:0 |
Lauric oils |
| Myristoleic |
9c-14:1 |
— |
| Nemotinic |
4e6a8a10a-11:4 |
— |
| *Nemotinic |
4-OH, 5,6,8a,10a-11:4 |
Basidomycetis moulds |
| Nervonic |
15c-24:1 |
Honesty seed oil, nerve tissue |
| Nisinic |
6c9c12c15c18c21c-24:6 |
Fish oils |
| Obtusilic |
4c-14:1 |
Lindera obtisiloba |
| Oleic |
9c-18:1 |
All oils and fats |
| Oncobic |
15-Cp 8c-15:0 |
Flacourtiaceae seed oils |
| Osbond's acid |
See DPA |
— |
| Oxalic |
2:0 di-acid |
— |
| Palmitelaidic |
9t-16:1 |
Trans form of palmitoleic acid |
| Palmitic |
16:0 |
All oils and fats |
| Palmitoleic |
9c-16:1 |
Fish oils, macadamia oil |
| Parinaric ( α ) |
9c11t13t15c-18:4 |
Parinarium laurinum |
| Parinaric ( β ) |
9t11t13t15c-18:4 |
Trans-form of α-parinaric acid |
| Pelargonic |
9:0 |
— |
| Petroselaidic |
6t-18:1 |
Trans form of petroselinic acid |
| Petroselinic |
6c-18:1 |
Umbelliferae oils |
| Phellonic |
22-OH 22:0 |
Cork |
| Phloionolic |
9S10S18S-triOH 18:0 |
Cork |
| Phlomic |
7,8-20:2 |
|
| *Phthioic |
3,13,19-triMe 23:0 |
— |
| Phrenosic |
See cerebronic |
— |
| Phrenosinic |
See cerebronic |
— |
| Phthianoic |
See mycoceranic |
— |
| Phthioic |
Polybranched acids |
Micro-organisms |
| Physeteric |
5c-14:1 |
Whale oil |
| Physetoleic |
See Palmitoleic |
— |
| Phytanic |
3,7,11,15-tetraMe 16:0 |
Marine animal fats |
| *Phytenic |
See Phytenoic |
— |
| Phytenoic |
3,7,11,15-tetraMe 2e-16:1 |
Marine animal fats |
| Phytomonic |
See Lactobacillic |
— |
| Pimelic |
7:0 di-acid |
— |
| Pinolenic |
5c9c12c-18:3 |
Toucrium depressum |
| Podocarpic |
5c11c14c-20:3 |
Podocarpus nagera |
| Pristanic |
2,6,10,14-tetraMe 15:0 |
Marine animal fats |
| Pseudoeleostearic |
10t12t14t-18:3 |
Isomerized linolenic acid |
| Psyllic |
33:0 |
— |
| Punicic |
9c11t13c-18:3 |
Punica granatum |
| Punicic |
9c11t13c-18:3 |
Trichosanthes anguina* |
| Pyrulic |
8a10t-17:2 |
Pyrularia pubera |
| Ricinelaidic |
12-OH 9t-18:1 |
Trans form of ricinoleic acid |
| Ricinoleic |
12-OH 9c-18:1 |
Castor oil |
| Rosilic |
10-OH 18:0 |
Leaf waxes |
| Rumenic |
9c11t-18:2 |
Ruminant fats |
| Sabinic |
12-OH 12:0 |
Juniperus oxycedrus leaves |
| Santalbic |
See ximenynic |
— |
| Sativic |
9,10,12,13-tetraOH 18:0 |
From oxidation of linoleic acid |
| Sciadonic |
5c11c14c-20:3 |
Pinus species |
| *Scoliodonic |
24:5 |
— |
| Sebacic |
10:0 di-acid |
— |
| Selacholeic |
15c-24:1 (see nervonic) |
Shark liver oils |
| Shibic |
26:5 |
Fish oils |
| *Sorbic |
2t4t-6:2 di-acid |
— |
| Stearic |
18:0 |
Animal fats, cocoa butter |
| Stearidonic |
6c9c12c15c-18:4 |
Echium oils, fish oils |
| Stearolic |
9a-18:1 |
Santalaceae |
| Sterculic |
9,10-Mt 9c-18:1 |
Cottonseed oil |
| Sterculynic |
9,10-Mt 9c17a-18:2 |
Sterculia alata |
| Stillingic |
2c4t-10:2 |
Sapium sebiferum |
| Strophanthus |
9-OH,12c-18:1 |
Apocyanaceae |
| Suberic |
8:0 di-acid |
— |
| Succinic |
4:0 di-acid |
— |
| Tariric |
6a-18:1 |
Picramnia spp |
| Taxoleic |
5c9c-18:2 |
Gymnospermae seed lipids |
| Thapsic (or thaspic) |
16:0 di-acid |
Waxes |
| Thynnic |
26:6 (probably n-3) |
Fish oils |
| Timnodonic (see EPA) |
4c8c12c15c18c-20:5c** |
— |
| Traumatic |
2t-20:1 di-acid |
— |
| Trichosanic |
See punicic |
— |
| Tsuduic |
4-14:1 |
Lindera obtisiloba |
| Tsuzuic |
4-14:1 |
Lindera obtisiloba |
| Tuberculostearic |
10-Me 18:0 |
Tubercle bacilli |
| Undecylenic |
10e-11:1 |
Castor oil |
| Ustilic |
15,16-diOH 16:0 |
Ustilagic acid (antibiotic) |
| Vaccenic |
11t-18:1 |
Ruminant fats |
| Valeric |
5:0 |
— |
| Vernolic |
12,13-ep, 9c-18:1 |
Vernonia oils |
| Wyerone acid? |
2c,(3,4-F*),5a7c-10:3 |
Exocarpus cupressiformis |
| Ximenic |
17c-26:1 |
Ximenia americana |
| Ximenynic |
9a11t-18:2 |
Santalum acuminatum |
| Ximenynolic |
8-OH, 9a11t-18:2 |
|
| Zoomaric |
See palmitoleic |
— |
Nomenclature:
c = cis; t = trans; a = acetylene; e = ethylenic bond (stereochemistry not relevant or unknown); ep = epoxy; Me = methyl group; Mt = methano -CH2-; Cp = 2-cyclopentenyl (C5H7); P = cyclopropenyl; Nnc = not natural constituent of normal fats; F* = furanoid; * = Spelling or structure uncertain.
Examples:
14:2 = 14 carbon atoms, 2 sites of unsaturation; 9:0 di-acid = HOOC(CH2)7COOH.
References:
-
C.Y. Hopkins (1972), Fatty Acids With Conjugated Unsaturation, in Topics in Lipid Chemistry (F. Gunstone, ed.), Elek Science, London, pp. 37-87.
-
P.G. Robinson (1982), Common Names And Abbreviated Formula For Fatty Acids. J. Lip. Res. 23: pp.1251-1253.
-
G.D. Fasman (1989), Practical Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 514-522.
-
F.D. Gunstone, J.L. Harwood and F.B. Padley, The Lipid Handbook (2nd Ed.), Chapman and Hall, London, 1992.
-
F.D. Gunstone and B.G. Herslof, A Lipid Glossary, The Oily Press, Dundee, first edition 1992, second edition in press.
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